Type 5 noun suffixes indicate the grammatical role of a noun within a sentence. Unlike English, Klingon often uses suffixes instead of prepositions to clarify these roles.
-Daq (locative)
This suffix shows that an action happens near, in, on, or at the location indicated by the noun. Often a noun with -Daq is placed at the start of a sentence to show where, or toward where, the rest of the sentence is happening. English translations vary based on context:
- pa'Daq jIHtaH - I'm in the room. (pa' - room, jIH - I)
- pa'Daq yIjaH - Go to the room! (jaH - go)
- DungDaq - overhead (literally, at the area above)
- mIvDaq pogh cha' - On the helmet he displays a glove (mIv - helment, pogh - glove, cha' - display)
- juHwIjDaq Dochvetlh vItlhap - I will take that to my home (juH - home, Doch - thing, tlhap - take)
Note: Nouns like naDev (hereabouts), pa' (thereabouts), vogh (somewhere), and Dat (everywhere) already have locative meanings and never use -Daq.
Certain verbs such as ghoS (approach, proceed), leng (travel), paw (arrive), 'el (enter), and jaH (go) include locative ideas in their meanings. Using -Daq with these verbs is possible, but somewhat redundant:
- Duj ghoStaH - It is approaching the ship. (Duj - ship, ghoS - approach)
- yuQDaq jIleng - I roam around on the planet. (yuQ - planet, leng - roam)
- bIQtIqDaq jIjaH - I go along in the river. (bIQtIq - river, jaH - go)
-Daq is never used to indicate languages or times ("in Klingon," "at 10:30 PM"). For times, use constructions like qaSDI' po (in the morning), qaSDI' tuch (in the future).
-vo' (from)
This suffix indicates movement away from a location.:
- pa'vo' yIjaH - Leave the room! (pa' - room, jaH - go)
- yuQvo' jIleng - I roam away from the planet. (yuQ - planet, leng - roam)
-mo' (due to, because of)
This suffix explains the reason or cause of an action:
- SuSmo' joqtaH - It is fluttering due to the breeze. (SuS - breeze, joq - flutter)
-vaD (for, intended for)
This suffix shows the beneficiary or intended recipient of the action:
- Qu'vaD lI' De'vam - This information is useful for the mission. (Qu' - mission, lI' - useful, De' - information)
-'e' (topic)
This suffix emphasizes the noun as the main topic or focus of the sentence:
- jIlujpu' jIH'e' - I, and only I, have failed. (luj - to lose, jIH - me)
- De''e' vItlhapnISpu' - It was the information that I needed. (De' - information, tlhap - take)
Without -'e', no noun is specifically emphasized.
For additional uses of -'e', see section 6.3.